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Performance and Migration website is designed to support any researcher, student or specialist in completing literature reviews, essays, publications or more in the field of Theatre and Migration by providing an easily accessible archive of research which has been compiled and sorted into several comprehensive collections

Migration

Here are lists of terms and concepts in the field of migration, exile and nationalism.

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  • Managed migration – An approach used by the EU and EU Member States to structure the management of all aspects of migration into and within the EU of both third-country nationals and EU nationals, particularly the entry, admission, residence, integration and return, as well as of refugees and others in need of protection. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/managed-migration_en) 
  • Mandate refugee – A person who meets the criteria of the UNHCR Statute and qualifies for the protection of the UN provided by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), regardless of whether or not they are in a country that is a party to the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol, or whether or not they have been recognised by the host country as a refugee under either of these instruments. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mandate-refugee_en) 
  • Manifestly unfounded application for international protection – In the global context, an application which is a) not related to the criteria for granting refugee status laid down in Art. 1(A2) of the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol nor to other criteria justifying the granting of asylum or b) which is clearly fraudulent as it is based on a deliberate attempt to deceive the authorities determining refugee status. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/manifestly-unfounded-application-international-protection_en) 
  • Marriage of convenience – A marriage contracted for the sole purpose of enabling the person concerned to enter or reside in an EU Member State. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/marriage-convenience_en) 
  • Mass exodus – when many people leave/depart from a place at the same time.
  • Mass influx – Arrival in the Community of a large number of displaced persons, who come from a specific country or geographical area, whether their arrival in the Community was spontaneous or aided, for example through an evacuation programme. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mass-influx_en) 
  • Material reception conditions – Subsistence support provided by an EU Member State to an applicant for international protection consisting of housing, food and clothing, in kind or as financial allowances or in vouchers, or a combination of the three, and a daily expenses allowance. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/material-reception-conditions_en) 
  • Members of the family – Persons married to a migrant or a national, or having with them a relationship that, according to applicable law, produces effects equivalent to marriage, as well as their dependent children or other dependent persons who are recognized as members of the family by applicable legislation or applicable bilateral or multilateral agreements between the States concerned, including when they are not nationals of the State. (Source: Adapted from International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant workers and Members of Their Families (adopted 18 December 1990, entered into force 1 July 2003) 2220 UNTS 3, Art. 4, https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Metropolitan – of, noting, or characteristic of a metropolis or its inhabitants, especially in culture, sophistication, or in accepting and combining a wide variety of people, ideas, etc.; of or relating to a large city, its surrounding suburbs, and other neighboring communities; pertaining to or constituting a mother country; pertaining to an ecclesiastical metropolis. (Source:https://www.dictionary.com/browse/metropolitan) 
  • Migrant – An umbrella term, not defined under international law, reflecting the common lay understanding of a person who moves away from his or her place of usual residence, whether within a country or across an international border, temporarily or permanently, and for a variety of reasons. See also climate migrant, economic migrant, migrant worker, migrants in vulnerable situations, smuggled migrant. (Source:https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms)
  • Migrant flow (international) – The number of international migrants arriving in a country (immigrants) or the number of international migrants departing from a country (emigrants) over the course of a specific period. (Source: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Toolkit on International Migration (2012) p.3, https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms)
  • Migrant stock (international) – For statistical purposes, the total number of international migrants present in a given country at a particular point in time who have ever changed their country of usual residence. (Source: Adapted from United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Toolkit on International Migration (2012) pp. 2–3, https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migrant subjectivity –  a conscious constitution of oneself and certain others as ‘migrants’ which is formed and maintained through processes of ‘migrantisation’. (Sources: Toukolehto, S. (2023). Moral Contours of Migrant Subjectivity: Indebtedness and ‘Giving Back’ Among Newcomers in Germany. Etnofoor, 35(1), 83–99, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27233678 and Kurki, T. (2019). Immigrant-ness as (Mis)Fortune? Immigrantisation Through Integration Policies and Practices in Education (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Helsinki, University of Helsinki, 63-64, https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/294719 and Dahinden, J. (2016). A Plea for the ‘De-Migranticization’ of Research on Migration and Integration. Ethnic and Racial Studies 39(13): 2207-2225.)
  • Migrant worker – A person who is to be engaged, is engaged or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a State of which he or she is not a national. Sometimes referred to as “foreign workers” or “(temporary) contractual workers”. (Source: International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (adopted 18 December 1990, entered into force 1 July 2003) 2220 UNTS 3, Art. 2(1), https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migrant-friendly health systems – Health systems that consciously and systematically incorporate the needs of migrants into health financing, policy, planning, implementation and evaluation, including such considerations as the epidemiological profiles of migrant populations, relevant cultural, language and socioeconomic factors and the impact of the migration process on the health of migrants. (Source: Adapted from World Health Organization, International Organization for Migration, Government of Spain, Health of Migrants – The Way Forward, Report of a Global Consultation (3–5 March 2010) p. 14 (building on J. Puebla Fortier, Migrant-Sensitive Health Systems (Background Paper for the Global Consultation on the Health of Migrants, March 2010), https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms).
  • Migrantisation – various social mechanisms through which very different groups and individuals become subsumed under the general racialised category of ‘migrants’ that carries with it a rather rigid sense of non-belonging. (Sources: Toukolehto, S. (2023). Moral Contours of Migrant Subjectivity: Indebtedness and ‘Giving Back’ Among Newcomers in Germany. Etnofoor, 35(1), 83–99, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27233678 and Keskinen, S. (2022). Mobilising the Racialised ‘Others’: Postethnic Activism, Neoliberalisation and Racial Politics. London: Routledge, 1-3) 
  • Migrants in vulnerable situations – Migrants who are unable to effectively enjoy their human rights, are at increased risk of violations and abuse and who, accordingly, are entitled to call on a duty bearer’s heightened duty of care. (Source: Adapted from High Commissioner for Human Rights, Principles and Practical Guidance on the Protection of the Human Rights of Migrants in Vulnerable Situations, Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to the Human Rights Council (3 January 2018) UN Doc A/HRC/37/34, para. 12, https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration – The movement of persons away from their place of usual residence, either across an international border or within a State. See also climate migration, displacement, internal migration, international migration, irregular migration, labour migration, migrant. (Source:https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration crisis/Crisis with migration dimensions – the term describes complex and generally large-scale migration flows, as well as the mobility patterns caused by a crisis that often lead to considerable vulnerabilities for affected people and communities, and pose serious migration management challenges in the longer term. A migration crisis can generate population movements within or outside the borders of a country. This may occur suddenly or gradually, and is affected by migratory movements prior to the crisis, as well as changes in subsequent migration patterns. (Source:https://americas.iom.int/en/blogs/what-migration-crisis-and-how-address-it-integrally) 
  • Migration cycle – Stages of the migration process encompassing departure, in some cases transit through a State, immigration in the State of destination and return. (Source:https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration flow – The number of migrants crossing a boundary, within a specific time period, for the purpose of establishing residence. See also migrant flow. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/migration-flow_en) 
  • Migration governance – The combined frameworks of legal norms, laws and regulations, policies and traditions as well as organizational structures (subnational, national, regional and international) and the relevant processes that shape and regulate States’ approaches with regard to migration in all its forms, addressing rights and responsibilities and promoting international cooperation. (Source: Adapted from International Organization for Migration, Migration Governance Framework (2015) C/106/40, 1; Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Migration and Human Rights – Improving Human Rights Based Governance of International Migration (2013) p. 9, https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration health – A public health topic which refers to the theory and practice of assessing and addressing migration associated factors that can potentially affect the physical, social and mental well-being of migrants and the public health of host communities. (Source:https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration management – The management and implementation of the whole set of activities primarily by States within national systems or through bilateral and multilateral cooperation, concerning all aspects of migration and the mainstreaming of migration considerations into public policies. The term refers to planned approaches to the implementation and operationalization of policy, legislative and administrative frameworks, developed by the institutions in charge of migration. (Source:https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms) 
  • Migration profile – Migration profiles are reports on the migration situation of a country for the purpose of increasing the evidence-base for their own policy development. A tool to bring together and analyse all the relevant information needed to develop policy in the field of migration and development and to monitor the impact of policies implemented. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/migration-profile_en)  
  • Migration Route – The geographic route along which migrants and refugees move via hubs in transit areas from their country of origin to their country of destination, often travelling in mixed migration flows. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary_en)
  • Migration routes initiative – An initiative by which work along the main migration routes through a particular region and towards the EU is identified and which takes into account the need to work in close collaboration with the third countries along these routes. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/migration-routes-initiative_en) 
  • Migratory aesthetics – expresses key dynamics in contemporary postcolonial culture and offers an alternative to identity politics. (Source: Abstract of Bennett, J. (2011). “Migratory Aesthetics: Art and Politics beyond Identity”. In Art and Visibility in Migratory Culture. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, https://doi.org/10.1163/9789042032644_008)
  • Migratory pressure – A situation where there is a large number of arrivals of third-country nationals or stateless persons, or a risk of such arrivals, including where this stems from arrivals following search and rescue (SAR) operations, as a result of the geographical location of an EU Member State and the specific developments in third countries which generate migratory movements that place a burden even on well-prepared asylum and reception systems and requires immediate action. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/migratory-pressure_en) 
  • Minimum standards – In an asylum context, a number of principles in relation to procedures for international protection, to reception conditions, and to the refugee definition established by the Treaty of Amsterdam from which EU Member States cannot derogate. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/minimum-standards_en) 
  • Minor – In a legal context and in contrast to a child, a person who, according to the law of their respective country, is under the age of majority, i.e. is not yet entitled to exercise specific civil and political rights. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/minor_en) 
  • Minority – A non-dominant group which is usually numerically less than the majority population of a State or region regarding their ethnic, religious or linguistic characteristics and who maintain solidarity with their own culture, traditions, religion or language. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/minority_en) 
  • Mixed migration flow – Complex migratory population movement including refugees, asylum seekers, economic migrants and other types of migrants as opposed to migratory population movements that consist entirely of one category of migrants. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mixed-migration-flow_en) 
  • Mobility – the quality or state of being mobile or movable; ability or capacity to move; the ability to change one’s social or socioeconomic position in a community and especially to improve it. (Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mobility) 
  • Mobility partnership – A cooperation arrangement, on the basis of political declarations, that provides the bilateral framework for dialogue and practical cooperation to address relevant migration and mobility issues of mutual concern primarily with EU neighbourhood countries, including short and long-term mobility, on a voluntary basis. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mobility-partnership_en) 
  • Model minority – a myth which commonly refers to East, Southeast and South Asian communities in North America that are considered to be inherently advantageous, intelligent, and hardworking compared to other minority groups. The concept of a model minority creates a false positive and a harmful narrative that reinforces systemic racism and ignores significant anti-Asian racism that many have experienced throughout Canadian history. (Source:https://equity.ubc.ca/news-and-stories/debunk-the-model-minority-myth/) 
  • Mother tongue – one’s native language; a language from which another language derives. (Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mother%20tongue) 
  • Motherland – a country regarded as a place of origin (as of an idea or a movement). (Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/motherland) 
  • Movement – the act or process of moving; a series of organized activities working toward an objective; an organized effort to promote or attain an end. (Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/movement) 
  • Multiculturalism – A policy that endorses the principle of cultural diversity and supports the right of different cultural and ethnic groups to retain distinctive cultural identities ensuring their equitable access to society, encompassing constitutional principles and commonly shared values prevailing in the society. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/multiculturalism_en) 
  • Multilingualism – using or able to use several languages especially with equal fluency. (Source:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/multilingualism)
  • Mutual information mechanism – A mechanism for the mutual exchange of information concerning national measures in the areas of asylum and immigration that are likely to have a significant impact on several EU Member States or on the European Union as a whole. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mutual-information-mechanism_en) 
  • Mutual recognition agreement (MRA) – Agreements on the recognition of foreign qualifications negotiated by governments and professional organisations in several countries by setting out clear rules for licensing or certifying migrant professionals who move between signatory countries in order to reduce, or even eliminate, the need for case-by-case assessments when applicants have been trained in systems conferring essentially comparable skills and knowledge. (Source:https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/mutual-recognition-agreement_en) 
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  • Xenophobia – At the international level, no universally accepted definition of xenophobia exists, though it can be described as “attitudes, prejudices and behaviour that reject, exclude and often vilify persons, based on the perception that they are outsiders or foreigners to the community, society or national identity”. (Source: Declaration on Racism, Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance against Migrants and Trafficked Persons (adopted by the Asia-Pacific NGO Meeting for the World Conference Against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, Teheran, 18 February 2001), www.hurights.or.jp/wcar/E/tehran/migration.htm / https://www.iom.int/key-migration-terms)
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